The Noplace of My Place Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Noplace of My Place - Essay Example This is how my bathroom appears to most people and, truth be told, how it appears to me as well during the regular routines of my day.   But I don’t have to think about this now, and my mind drifts further.  It is when the evening shadows lengthen into darkness and the house begins to quiet down that my bathroom takes on entirely new dimensions.   Tonight, with my nerves frazzled by conflicting commitments, my ears buzzing with back-to-school crowds and my brain threatening massive overload at any moment, my bathroom becomes my own isolation chamber.   Its stark whiteness promises to make no demands, its lack of ornamentation suggests no distractions and its small dimensions offer no threat.   As the steam begins to rise from the depths of the bathtub basin, my body and mind sink like stones, one to the warm, smooth surface of my bathtub and the other to the field of soft purples and dusty blues of shapeless space suggested by the lavender bubble bath I added to the water.   The gentle iridescent bubbles rise above my shoulders, relieving them of their burdens, at least for a little while.   Tiny and lacy, the delicate bubbles suggest the true weight of my worries.   With a soul-cleansing sigh, my body remembers the true shape of me. Of course, my bathroom doesn’t offer complete release from the cares and influences of the outside world.   As the bubbles die down, I become more and more aware that the rest of the house hasn’t completely melted away.   The monotonous babble of news announcers, not loud enough to do more than suggest a cadence, informs me who has control of the television remote.   The occasional sudden rattle of the bathroom door announces the appearance of small ripples in the water as someone somewhere slams a door.   I wonder if they’re aware, as I am, of the minor shockwaves that run through the house at these small bursts of energy displacement.   But I know no one will enter my sanctuar y, no one will disturb my peace.   As long as the white door of the bathroom remains closed, I am as unreachable as the sky to them.

Communicating laboratory procedures Essay Example for Free

Communicating laboratory procedures Essay Laboratory procedures and practices must be communicated in a laboratory, because to keep the risk as minimum as possible by storing the chemical products in an appropriate and safe manner. A staff member shall be responsible for all stored chemicals and their use. All products must be labelled so that the researcher can identify and communicate the identity of the sample for laboratory staff. Unidentified chemical should be treated as infectious and disposed of in a proper way. All chemicals should be stored in suitable containment appropriate to hazard the agent. Containers used for storage must be enclosed or sealed. Accurate inventory should be maintained for the purpose of assessing risk and reducing unnecessary handling. Inventory must be updated to a minimum, annually. Each chemical container must also be labelled with the name or code of the chemical, the name and contact information of the user. This information must be legible to the environment is stored, i. e. indelible. A laboratory to reduce the risk good sanitation is essential to protect the integrity and chemicals. Cleaning routine should be invoked to provide work areas free from significant sources of contamination. It should be clean-up actions based on the higher degree of risk to the safety of individuals and the pilot may be exposed. Laboratory staffs are responsible for cleaning the seats in laboratories and equipment and areas that require specialised technical knowledge. Some laboratory cleaning connects: Â  Keeping laboratory clean and uncluttered surfaces must be clean and free of chemicals commonly used, glassware and instruments. Way to washbasin, eyewash areas, emergency showers and exits, and fire suffocations must not be blocked. Â  The proper clearance of chemicals and excess Old should not be used and the clearance of chemicals promptly and correctly. Â  Arranging a workplace which is free of physical hazards corridors and passageways must be free of subsiding hazards. Concentration must be given to electrical safety, particularly as it reveals to the use of extension cords, appropriate grounding of instrument and deterrence of the production of electrical hazards in wet areas. All laboratory instruments needs to be cleaned and verified of being free of hazards before being issued for correction or assistance. (Safetyfirstaid, 2009) All protective equipment must be cleaned, laundered and disposed of by the member of staff. Apparel contaminated with human blood or other potentially infectious materials should be handled as little as possible and needs to be collected in special boxes, labelled or colour coded. Laundry will be cleaned according to the specific laboratory operating procedures laundry facility. Appropriate protective equipment must be worn by member of staff who handles contaminated laundry. The inflammable hazard is evident when gases such as hydrogen, methane, and acetylene are acknowledged. However, the fire hazard can be appended greatly. Staff must avoid the dangers of fire risk, high-pressure gas. A very brief contact with liquids or materials at low temperatures can cause burns similar to burns from high temperature contacts. The eyes are particularly vulnerable to this type of exposure, so safety glasses are required. Suppliers of care of health are invited to subject an agreed whole of data for each audit. The data are contained in an environment very blocked, are analysed and adjusted the risk and are applied, with recommendations for the improvement. Feedback is via the annual reports available to the patients, the clinicians, the combined professionals of health, the information management and the personnel. The data gathered are replaced year-on-year to confirm progress and tend. Most audit checks also provide fast, secure, online information allows contributors to see from their own computer how their organisation is performing against agreed standards at national level if available and in comparison with other trusts and networks. Although several audits have been in operation for a short period of time, other more established checks already leading to improvements in direct patient care. For example, the audit of heart attack led to improvements in treatment following a stroke and more patients taking drugs that are effective when they are discharged. (NHS, 2009) All in all communicating laboratory procedures is important because laboratories are inherently fairly dangerous places, e. g. Physics laboratories often have high voltage electricity or ionising radiation, Chemistry laboratories have dangerous chemicals and Biology laboratories have biological hazards such as microorganisms that can cause diseases. The risk in a particular laboratory depends almost entirely on what happens to it. It is only through careful assessment by a qualified and experienced and then they identify risks establishing and following safe working practices in a laboratory can be done in a reasonably safe place to work. Audits are introduced to measure the quality of patient care and improvements over time. Security measures may include things such as training of personnel, exhaust systems, natural obstacles, and alternative less hazardous chemicals that achieve the same result. Nmsu, 2008. http://www. nmsu. edu/safety/images/signs/symbol2d. jpg Safetyfirstaid, 2009. http://www. safetyfirstaid. co. uk/images/catalogue/product/SG0088-L. jpg Weird, 2009. http://www. weird. fr/images/logo_405x401_hazard_highly_flammable. jpg NHS, 2009. http://www. ic. nhs. uk/statistics-and-data-collections/audits-and-performance/national-clinical-audits.

Impact of Remuneration to Motivate Employees

Impact of Remuneration to Motivate Employees This dissertation is based on a concept of human resource management, which is an important aspect for the success of the firm. The research topic of this dissertation is Investigate the impact of Remuneration to motivate employees in the Fast Food Industry: A Case Study of McDonalds. Remuneration is one of the main tools to appraise the performances of the employees, which ultimately motivates them to work with zeal and enthusiasm. This topic is mainly focused that managers uses remuneration as a tool of motivation. Case study of McDonalds will help to evaluate the importance of remuneration as an important tool for managers to motivate employees. Introduction Remuneration is directly or indirectly one of the mainsprings of the motivation in the society. A well defined compensation system leads to motivate the employees, which further leads to increase productivity (Chi and Han 2008). This research study mainly focuses on the relationship between remuneration and motivation. Yermack (2004) has asserted in his study that all the business organizations act like a profit maximization institution, so they put their efforts to improve performance of its employees by motivating them. This motivation ultimately helps the organizations to increase productivity level. Work motivation is interrelated with job satisfaction. Money often is looked upon as a means of fulfilling the most basic needs of man. These needs are made available through the purchasing power provided by monetary income: remuneration and salary of individual (Stajkovic and Luthans 2003). According to different motivation theories, such as Maslows Need Hierarchy, Two factor theory given by Herzbergs, McGregors theory X and theory Y, Achievement Theory, Taylors Motivational Theory, etc. Money is one of the main sources to persuade the behaviour of an individual towards his organization and work productivity (Wheeler 2008). Thus, it is necessary for the corporate executives or managers to be aware with the economical and social background of employees to offer good remunerations as per their talent and skills and motivate them to work. The general meaning of remuneration is the basic salary or pay of an employee, but in the broader sense, remuneration comprises salary, fringe benefits, compensation, bonus, commissions, employee stock op tion, etc. (Guedri and Hollandts 2008). In the current business scenario, managing and motivating human resources has become a complicated task. In this highly changing and competitive environment, remuneration is one of the main tools for the manager to improve the productivity of the employees, to attract competent personnel, to retain present employees, to reduce the rate of absents and employee turnover, to manage job sequences, to strengthen union management relationships, to improve public image of the company, etc. (Perry, Mesch and Paarlberg 2006). This research study would target the remuneration procedure in fast food industry of the United States of America, by using McDonalds, worlds number one fast food restaurant. Presently, the structure of fast food industry has become complicated and its success is mainly dependent upon the qualified and talented employees, who are able to understand the changing needs and requirements of the customers. Competitive pressure and environmental changes has increased the importance of motivational practices for managers to boost the performance of the employees. This dissertation will focus on the issue that how managers of McDonalds use remuneration practices to motivate the employees and creating competitive advantages in the industry. Additionally, this dissertation will also discuss the interrelationship between remuneration and motivation with the help of different motivation theories. Research Aims and Objectives During this research work, the researcher would examine the need and importance of motivation tools for the managers and how remuneration would help the managers to motivate employees in McDonalds. The main objectives, which are coming out of this research, are as follow: ? The foremost objective of this dissertation is to identify the impact of remuneration practices on the performance of the employees in the fast food industry. ? Second objective of this research study is to identify the relationship between remuneration and motivation, on the basis of different motivational theories. ? Next objective is to understand the remuneration practices and procedures used by managers in McDonalds to motivate the employees. ? Another objective of this research dissertation is to compare performances of employees in McDonalds with its rival companies to identify the importance of and advantages remuneration to motivate the employees. ? Additionally, suggesting different strategies and practices to compensate employees as per remuneration act is also one of the main objectives of this study. Background Information McDonalds is one of the biggest fast food family restaurants, which operates in more than 120 countries and serve more than 47 million customers in a day (McDonalds: About Company, 2010). It doles out some of the favourite foods all around the world like World Famous French Fries, Big Mac, Quarter Pounder, Chicken McNuggets and Egg McMuffin. Success of the firm is highly dependent upon its HRM practices and efforts put by its managers and employees. All the HR policies of the companies are defined very clearly for the benefit of all stakeholders. The main aim of the HRM department of the company is to offer best services to the customers by ensuring that the company has skilled, motivated and committed employees. Remuneration practices used by the firm are also very good and effective and based on various motivational theories. Remuneration is not a new concept for the business organizations. In the corporate world, all the members from owner to lower level employees work for money. Not only in MNCs but also in small shops, everybody wants high remuneration and financial incentives to fulfil their basic needs, thus, it is necessary to work hard to improve the productivity of the employees and earn more money (Yermack 2004). Corporate world has become competitive, in this concern, top executive and managers uses management practices and motivational theories to enhance the skills and productivity of the employees and earn high money. Thus, fair remuneration practise are used by the managers. This creates a feeling of satisfaction among employees to fulfil their needs (Chi and Han 2008). According to the assumptions of motivation, compensation and incentive is direct tool to motivate employees. Managers in McDonalds have taken a complete overview of this concept and motivate employees by offering good remuneration and performance incentives. Presently, companies are following the system of paying for performance. Qualification and experience are also important but work performance enables employees to get good remuneration (Perry, Mesch and Paarlberg 2006). For example, if a marketing manager is highly qualified but he is not able to conduct a market research effectively and his working output is very low, company would not give a high remuneration and other financial incentives to him. On the other hand, if a sales executive has average qualification and he serve more number of customers by showing his abilities and maintaining good relations with them; he would be definitely promoted by the company and would get monetary rewards also (Wheeler 2008). Thus, it is very clear that money matters for all the employees, whether they are at high position or belongs to middle and lower levels. Remuneration requires by all the employees to fulfil their basic needs and non-monetary and monetary rewards and compensation are also given by the firm to develop job satisfaction and control the rate of employee turnover (Guedri and Hollandts 2008). Thus, this research study would focus on McDonalds, which has effective HR and compensation policies to pay its employees and motivate them to put their best efforts to achieve the goals and objectives of the firm. Literature Review Motivation is a process to push employees towards some work in order to satisfy a need. Most of people work to reach some specified goals. It is the reason that motivation is goal-directed drive that causes to person to act. Mathis and Jackson (2008) defined that need, desire; want and drive all are similar to motivation. They described that understanding of motivation is important for organizations as reaction to compensation. Compensation and motivation are directly proportional to each other (Ajila and Abiola 2004). Performance of employees, rate of absenteeism and turnover are affected by motivation and remuneration and also influenced to motivation. Managers can use different motivational tools to motivate their employees and remuneration is one of main tools among all of them. Remuneration can be defined as the monetary motivation tool that influences the behaviour of employees towards work (Armstrong, Murlis and Group 2007). In the words of Perry, Mesch and Paarlberg (2006) each employee should receive a general compensation for their efforts, role and responsibilities followed by him in the company. Before deciding a form and amount of remuneration, several considerations are there such as general economic climate, specific business condition, cost-of living and worker qualification and productivity that a firm must consider (Carraher 2011). Different authors described about the relationship between remuneration and motivation. In order to support this relationship, Mathis and Jackson (2008) stated that remuneration is different from motivation and it is related with Herzbergs hygiene factors. Remuneration includes several th ings such as bonuses, commission, salary, fringe benefits such as pensions, holiday entitlement. The study of Chapman and Kelliher (2011) represent that employees motivation does not only come from decision mix (amount of pay) of an organization policy but also it comes from the understanding of individuals. The remuneration of an employee depends on several factors such as basic needs, psychological needs, social needs, performance of individual, productivity, profitability return, etc. (Khan, Farooq and Ullahb 2010). In favour of this, Kmiotek and Lewicka (2008) stated that effective motivation does not only involves proper implementation of remuneration policy but also involves some other motivators such as organization of work, HR development and training, performance management tools, performance appraisal, etc. According to the HR experts, creation of effective reward system is necessary to motivate employees but there is a need of good and enthusiastic managers, who can drive people towards good performance. In order to create an effective motivation process, it is necessary that there should be an appropriate remuneration policy for employees (Kubr 2002). According to Ajila and Abiola (2004) there are two types of rewards such as intrinsic or extrinsic. Intrinsic rewards are related with the rewards that are natural with job. This reward is achieved by individuals when they successfully achieve their own objectives. On the other hand, extrinsic rewards are outside the job such as working condition, security, promotion, working environment and service contact. Presently, in order to motivate employees, both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards should be a part of remuneration policy. It is also well discussed that individuals effectively work to the extent for the job, which provides them remuneration if they are intrinsically motivated. In contrast to this, if people are extrinsically motivated, they effectively work to the extent by which they can attain external rewards from the job (Chapman and Kelliher 2011). Thus, it can be concluded that if the remuneration is intrinsic to the job, desire for motivation is also intrinsic or if the remuneration is extrinsic to the job, desire for motivation is also extrinsic to the job (Ajila and Abiola 2004). Perry, Mesch and Paarlberg (2006) stated in their research study that in this new government era, in order to increase the performance and productivity of the employees, managers should adopt good remuneration policies. This will ultimately help the business organizations to offer quality services and products to the customers (Maxwell 2008). It is the reason that most of employers now use remuneration policies to attract, motivate, retain and satisfy employees. It is founded through different research that performance-based remuneration motivates employees to work hard (Ajila and Abiola 2004). The study of Khan, Farooq and Ullahb (2010) support the arguments of Ajila and Abiola (2004) and said that in an effective rewards system, there are several factors that influences the performance of employees such as basic remuneration, bonus, incentives, fringe benefits, monetary and non monetary rewards, commission, etc. All these factors are good sources to boost the performance of the employees. Carraher (2011) defined that remuneration helps in developing strong relationship between employers and employees. It is founded by researchers that employees motivate through different monetary remuneration and an effective remuneration helps in reducing absenteeism, turnover intentions, provides organizational attractiveness to different job seekers and also helps in increasing employees job performance (Kmiotek and Lewicka 2008). It has been stated by Guedri and Hollandts (2008) in their study that managers in different organizations consider remuneration as a major factor that helps in increasing productivity of employees. Remuneration is an important tool that focuses on motivating employees performance and behaviour. The study of Employee retention and organizational performance (2011) also support the views of Carraher (2011) and asserted, it is necessary that there must be appropriate rewards in order to satisfy and motivate employees. In contrast to both Carraher (2011) and Employee retention and organizational performance (2011), Mathis and Jackson (2008) said that other factors such as job itself, participation, appropriate feedbacks, morale and discipline are more important than remuneration that impact on remuneration. According to Blythe (2005), in the present competitive environment, job satisfaction is more important than money, thus, manager should concentrate on all non-monetary factors, promotions, health insurance, rewards systems, etc. Zyl (2010) has stated in his research study that there is a positive relation between labour productivity and employee remuneration, which is also supported by Carraher (2011). It is the reason that greater the employee remuneration, higher the level of labour productivity. Several reasons support this fact such as if an organization adopts more differentiate remuneration, it will enhance the human efforts and a higher remuneration structure also enhances the productivity of employees (Montana and Charnov 2008). At the same time Zyl (2010) also assesrted that if gaps between employee remuneration is regularly increase, it would ultimately increases gap and convert positive relations between employees performance and remuneration into negative. There are several reasons such as if it is filled by employees that their real remuneration is less than the fair remuneration, it can cause for negative relationship. Kubr (2002) Stated that an effective remuneration system does not only enhance the performance of people, who are already working well but also it is used to enhances the performance of people who are not performing well. Remuneration play an important role in motivating employees but different employees motivate through different factors. An effective remuneration package includes several elements. These elements are as below: First, element is salary that includes different things such as pay, commission, profit related pay and share dividends. Second element is related with different facilities such as insurance, healthcare schemes and pension. Other elements are availability of discounts on companies product and service for employees and subsidiary for meals and accommodation (Kubr 2002). Salais and Villeneuve (2004) support, Kubr (2002) and said that remuneration is a better tool to motivate employees for better performance. There are three basic remuneration components such as bonuses, basic pay and profit-sharing schemes that influence the performance of employees. Armstrong, Murlis and Group (2007) described about the effectiveness of remuneration as a mean of motivation such as: ? In order to motivate employees through remuneration, it is necessary that remuneration should be equitable and externally competitive. ? Contribution systems and pay for performance system are created on the basis and understanding that directs that motivation is only takes place when the rewards are worthwhile. ? Each employee understands about the workings of financial reward system and about the benefits that is provided by it. They also know about the skills and competences of remuneration system (Murlis and Hay Group 2007). In the fast food industry, remuneration is an important part that managers use to motivate employees and enhance their productivity level. In contrast to this statement Schlosser (2001) defined that if there are lack of secure employment and good wages in fast food organization, managers use team spirit in order to motivate employees by saying that, if one employee is arriving late and do not work hard, it also affects the performance of their friends as well as their co-workers. It also helps in motivating employees, so that they can improve their performance. It has been also defined that employees work only to increase their profits and this is the reason that if organizations provide more remuneration to the employees, it helps in generating more output (Wales and Reaich 2004). Development of an employee is directly proportional to the development of the organization. If the remuneration is directly related with work performance, employee will work hard. It is the reason that most of managers use remuneration to motivate employees. Managers clearly stated in their organizations policies that if employees work hard they can earn higher profits and it is the reason that employees are motivated through this policy. Good return and high profit will allow the organizations to hare the profit with employees, thus they should work hard to get good remuneration (Yermack 2004). Zyl (2010) has been also found in their research that if employees are motivated through remuneration, there are two positive effects of this such as it helps in reducing the labour turnover from organizations and it also helps in enhancing the more salary and good working environment. Thus, it is fact that it helps in generating a productive team of efficient and talented people for the enterprise (Wales and Reaich 2004). According to them remuneration as a managerial tool to motivate employees is important for several reasons. These reasons are as below: ? Remuneration is a tool to impartial measurement of different employees. It is because if employees get more facility instead of money, it does not motivate employees to work harder. ? With the increment in salary, employees can maintain their honour, prestige and ensure economic security (Wales and Reaich 2004). ? They also argued that remuneration is a more efficient motivating factor as it can easily increase or decrease according to the proportion of work. ? Remuneration also helps in increasing the self-confidence of employees that further helps in improving the standard of living (Wales and Reaich 2004). Thus, finally it has been concluded in many research studies that remuneration is an important tool that several managers use to increase the performance of their employees. Justification of the Study This research study has its own significance to understand importance of remuneration for the business firms to improve the performances of employees and for the individuals to fulfil their desires. Although this research topic is related with the HRM but it has a broad significance in the society. Remuneration means salary and pay that is paid by employers to its employees. Money is the foremost sources for the well living of individuals, which help them to fulfil their basic needs. Presently, innovations and changes in the economical, social and technological environment have enhanced the living standard of individuals (Mathis and Jackson 2008). Money allows them to enjoy a lavish life and raise their social standard, thus, this research topic is very much beneficial for the managers to understand that how remuneration practices enables them to motivate employees to work with zeal and enthusiasm. The main reason behind selecting the fast food industry and McDonalds is the popularity. Growth and success of fast food industry attract individuals to earn good remuneration. McDonalds provide good remuneration to its employees, who develop high level of job satisfaction among the employees; thus, this example would provide valid and true information. Although job satisfaction and enrichment is also important for the development of the employees, but money has also its own importance. This research study would be beneficial for all kinds of firms such as international, MNCs, small and medium size firms, to improve the productivity of the employees. Managers would also able to understand the significance of remuneration tool to boost the morale of employees and motivate them to achieve the goals on time. Research methodology Research methodology can be discussed as a systematic process, which assists researchers to collect, organize, record, and evaluate the data and information to resolve the problem and draw a valid and reliable conclusion (Bordens 2006). Selection of research methodology is a significant task for the researcher. In order to select suitable methodology, firstly, researcher would use appropriate approach. Research Approach: There are mainly two kinds of research approaches inductive and deductive. Inductive Research Approach: In this kind of research, theories are developed according to the situation or problem (Crowther and Lancaster 2008). All these theories enable the researcher to explain data and information. This is very flexible in nature and based on bottom up approach. In this kind of approach, researcher evaluates a main concept and generalizes this view as per the research problem. It is related to the interpretivism point of view (Gill and Johnson 2002). On the other hand, this kind of research approach also involves some extent of uncertainty. Deductive Research Approach: Deductive research approach is mainly based on the positivism paradigm. In this kind of approach, research develops theories and hypothesis and tests these theories with the help of empirical observations. This approach is top to bottom approach in which researcher evaluates general views to reach at specific situation (Hyde 2000). The suitable research approach for this study would be inductive because this research focuses on the specific areas of human resource management, which are remuneration and employees motivation. Both of these concepts have their own significance in the success of a company as well as individuals. Thus, this research approach is more appropriate to explore the effectiveness of remuneration to motivate the employees and improve their productivity (Burke 2007). Deductive research approach would not be used because HRM has not given any kind of theory to defined remuneration. Basically, this is a pay given by companies to the employees for their job performance that can be used to develop a hypothesis for the research study. Appropriate Research Methodology: There are numerous research methodologies such as theoretical, applied, analytical, descriptive and empirical. Selection of research methodology would be based on the nature of research problem. In order to select the appropriate research method, it is essential to understand the nature of the research problem. The suitable research methodology for this research topic would be descriptive and applied research methodology. The main reason behind choosing this methodology is its advantage of identifying population characteristics (number of employees to collect primary data) in McDonalds to understand the impotence of remuneration to motivate employees and develop feeling of job satisfaction among them. It is a flexible methodology in which researcher uses several variables and lot of information to solve the problem or to achieve research objectives. It has flexible nature, which comprises both qualitative and quantitative research process (Cooper and Schindler 2007). We are not using other research methodologies because they are not appropriate for this study. In theoretical research, there is lack of experimental analysis and in analytical research there is a restriction of theoretical background (Goddard and Melville 2004). On the other hand, empirical research methodology is highly based on observation and field data rather than theoretical. Thus all these methodologies are not well appropriate for this study. In descriptive and applied research methodologies, the research got a chance to use both concepts and observational method. Both of these methods are also beneficial to manage cost and time (Marczyk, DeMatteo and Festinger 2005). Data Collection Method to collect Primary and Secondary Data: After deciding research approaches and methodologies, appropriate data collection method would also be selected. In order to investigate impact of remuneration and different motivational tools on the performance of employees in McDonalds, we would focus on two different types of methods. Primary research and secondary research are two different types. In order to complete this research study, the propose research types are primary as well as secondary. Primary research type comprises observations, survey and interviews through questionnaires, whereas secondary research methods comprises evaluation of reliable academic articles and published studies that are previously done by other researchers (Scruggs and Mastropieri 2006). Questionnaire can be defined as a set of some important questions that are related to the research problem. In order to collect primary data, a set of questionnaire would be used to conduct a survey process. Some well defined questions would be e-mailed to the participants in the form of questionnaire, so that it will be easy for the researcher to get back the responses of participants and carry out the research study in a systematic way. This is a suitable way to collect important qualitative data, which comprises low cost and also free from discrimination (Stead 2001). On the other hand, this research methodology has also some restrictions such as dully filled questionnaires, lack of reliability on data, low rate of return, etc. This kind of research strategy can be used only in the situation when the participants are well educated and collaborates (Bordens 2006). In case of this research study, the research would target the employees of McDonalds, who are well qualified and experienced to understand the importance of research topic for their personal, social and organizational welfare. In order to minimize the chances of discrimination, an observation methodology would also used. The information gathered by researcher at his personal level would be observed through graphical and tabular presentation to manage the thematic analysis (Crowther and Lancaster 2008). In order to collect secondary data and information variety of academic journal would be analyzed after assessing their credibility. Most of the portion of this research study would be based on the secondary data. Primary data would be used for a limited extent because it is really difficult to select appropriate participants and contact with all the participants for their valid and reliable response. By using secondary data and information, it would be easy for the researcher to enhance the credibility of the research (Cooper and Schindler 2007). Apart from research articles, companies report, different case studies would also be used. The researcher philosophy for this study would interpretive, which provide subjective reasoning according to the secondary data and real life examples (Scruggs and Mastropieri 2006). Justification of Research Methodology Both primary and secondary research methods are used to collect data, which are questionnaire, observation and review of academic journals. All these methodologies would be beneficial for this study to find the real facts and figures. According to the inductive research approach and descriptive and applied research methodologies, these are absolutely suitable strategies for this dissertation. The main aim of the researcher is to understand the impact of remuneration and motivational practices on employee performances by minimizing the errors, thus all these strategies would be beneficial to reach at the valid conclusion (Silverman 2004). Survey through questionnaire and observation method has many advantages and it is very much useful for the researcher to understand the real life situations to achieve the objectives of this research study. Survey through questionnaire is a very efficient technique to collect data and information from a large number of populations. In this research study, researcher has selected a small sample size, which gives an idea to him for the large population, thus both survey and observation methodology would be appropriate (Marczyk, DeMatteo and Festinger 2005). It is valid and reliable research methodology, through which research can study beliefs, attitude and behavior of employees and managers due to different remuneration packages. In questionnaire and observation method, extent of subjectivity and discrimination is limited. On the other hand, secondary research method enables researcher to evaluate the subjectivity of the research topic. Ethical Consideration In order to conduct any research study, it is necessary for the researcher to concentrate on the research ethics and integrity. Without ethics and integrity, research study has no value. This research study would also be conducted on ground of ethical boundaries, which ultimately help the researcher to achieve consistent and dependable result. Following ethics in research also shows the concern and responsibility of the researcher towards society and corporate environment (Resnik n.d.). The researcher would develop a code of ethics with the help of corporate lawyer. The researcher would establish ethical guidelines according to the law and regulations. Conducting an unethical research will ultimately lead confusions for the society and readers, which would waste the effort and hard work of the researcher (Ethics in Research 2010). The code of ethics would lead surety about the safety and security of data and information. The researcher would ensure the participants that he would not disclose their personal and professionals information. Researcher, his team and all the participants would follow integrity, honesty and dependability to conclude and authentic result. The researcher will record all the information to in hard copies and soft copies to by accessing passwords and security codes (Resnik n.d.). Researcher would follow non-discrimination practices to collect and evaluate primary and secondary data. Possible information sources In order to collect secondary data to accomplish the research and achieve the objectives, different sources would be used by the researcher. These sourc

Gone With the Wind Essay -- essays papers

Gone With the Wind This is a film about contrast. In the film clip, lagre amount of contrast can be found between characters, lighting, the way of how colour is presented, the way of how camera being placed, and the way of how shots being taken. Misc-en-Scene From the film clip (and the whole film), the colour image is strong on contrast, not only the colour of the settings, the furnitures, and the costumes, also the colour contrast of indoor and outdoor. In the film clip, the major colour is grayish, the tones contain grayish olive green, grayish blue ( Melanie’s costume), and grayish brown. It gave the audience an impression of desolated space, like a castle. With a large amount of gloomly shadows of furnitures and stairs, it empasis the dismal of the indoor surroundings strongly. The dull tone of indoor settings is different when compare with the outdoor setting. When Melanie announced to the people who were out in the field through the window, the colourful image of the field outside is a strong contrast to the dull and gloomy image inside the house. This created a feeling of a hidden incident is happened or happening inside the house but the public outside is never known. As the colour concept of people (i.e. audiences) always treated colourful as joyful, happiness and innocent, and dark, dull, gloomy are always connected with evil, crime and secrets. The costumes are designed to signifly the difference in the personalities of Melanie and Scarlet. The costume of Melanie is a grayish-blue lingerie, an additonal over coat, and the a long plait with an untidy hair, that makes her looks compelety as a peasanty woman. Her pale face and the pair of sunken eyes also suggests she is weak, sick, and need protection. Scarlet is wearing a bright colour one piece dress with patterns, her hair hair looks tidy with a white hair net, her light make up, looks elegant and sexy when compared with Melanie. And also created an impression that she doesn’t belongs to the dismal, gloomy house, she doesn’t belong to the working peasant lifestyle. However, she is wearing a pair of old leather shoes which covered by dirt, dry mud and dust, that hide under her pretty dress. It means even thought she is not belong to there, or she think she is not belong to there, but her birth place, her root is Tara, the place with mud, dust, and p... ... and affecting each other...In the film clip, Scarlet shoot the deserter with no mercy, and then discuss with Melanie how to manage the corpse in a very reality tone, it is just like discussing how to hide a furniture, an object. A conflict with Melanie, she hasn’t got any idea of how to solve and hide for this kind of serious crime. But Melanie lie for Scarlet, even thought it is something out of her personality. At that moment they are standing at the same line. Therefore, this is the way of opening up the possibilities of more complexity of the narrative – Melanie and Scarlet is not totally against each other, they still the help from each other, like Scarlet work for Melanie, Melanie lie for Scarlet, they are situated in a very subtle relationship, this is the formation of the the story. Finally, the director described the Northerns are robbers, intruders to the Southerns. This film clip is standing in the point of view of a Southerns. As Southerns are the oppose of liberation the black slave, we can noticed that this film still having the shadow of the white supremeism Bibliography: Gone with the wind and the sunset(1992) Dr Karen Chen, Meiah Publisher

Debut albums

They become group Of friends and they call it, â€Å"Alpha Solar†. It was so overwhelming when someone treated you as their like best friends a long time ago. Their bonding was like sleeping in someone's house, reviewing and doing their projects in groups. One day, it was their Physical Education time. The classes where cut, because their professor was not able to teach them on the exact time. Their professor needs to be in the faculty area. Then suddenly, they are dismissed early.While they are walking, Lea tried to imitate the ducklings in our campus. But, Sandra and Jessica didn't saw it. So, they run fast to get along with Lea and Bianca. Suddenly, some people where yelling and waving their hands on the second floor! Sandra and her friends were ashamed because, they are taking pictures of themselves and then they are watching! It's so annoying, because it's a group of boys! So, Sandra and Jessica sneaked out to see who the people were watching them. Then, they saw that the group of boys was too handsome, and Sandra was so shy when she saw them.After that, they continue what they are doing. They take pictures of the ducklings, pictures of themselves, and also taking pictures of how happy they are. Since, after that, the six girls go upstairs to scold the boys who are sneaking and watching them taking pictures! Elaine said, â€Å"What are you doing? And why are you laughing on us? Is there something wrong of what we are doing? † Then one boy named Ian said, â€Å"No, we are not laughing of what you're doing! We are just staring to you because you are all beautiful. Especially that girl. † Then the boy pointed his hands to Sandra.So, Sandra just ignores them. But, there was a boy caught the attention of Sandra. It was the boy with too dimples on his cheeks, not as tall as Sandra was, but Sandra feels the beating of her heart. Then, Sandra says, â€Å"Who is that guy? The one with dimples. † She said it with a kind of shyness on her voice. Then the other boy shouted and said, â€Å"His name is Christian! † so, Sandra feels that, Oh, it was a beautiful name. Her friends were so shocked because they didn't expect that Sandra would ask for it. Elaine, Lea, Bianca and Jessica ask her, Jessica came first, Do you have a crush on him? Then, Lea was next. â€Å"Oh my gosh! Sandra? Are you blushing? ‘ Sandra can't answer the questions of them. But Elaine said, â€Å"Hey you guys! Meet us on our room on Monday! It's it the second floor! On the first room near the lobby! † and Bianca says, â€Å"Oh! Before we forgot, we are Psychology students! How about you guys? † then the boy named Christian answers, ‘We are an Engineering students! † Sandra felt like dying. Because she didn't expect that her crush would answer. After that, the six girls walked on the lobby to go to the comfort room.Jessica says, â€Å"Look, Sandra is still blushing until now! She can't recover on what was happe n! † Then Sandra felt so glad and happy because of what was happen. Before they go home, someone was calling on the phone of Sandra. It was her stupid suitor whose going to fetch her from her school. Sandra says to her friends, â€Å"Hey, I'm going home. † Saying it with a low voice. â€Å"My suitor is going here to fetch me up. And feel like I'm not better being with him. I feel so lonely and annoyed and irritated! † Then Jessica told her that, â€Å"Don't let him fetch you! We are going home all together! Hen, Sandra do what her friends says. When Monday came, Sandra was hoping that the boys they saw the last time would arrive on the day and on the place they are meant to see each other. But, unfortunately the boys didn't arrive. Sandra felt disappointed on what was just happen. She didn't expect that it would happen. So she just smile to her friends and say â€Å"I'm okay girls. I just expect the things. † She immediately walked along the lobby to calm herself of what just happen. Then the bell rang, she hope that the boys would arrive. But, she saw nothing. The days pass.The time flies so fast. Her suitor was all busted because she was expecting that she will see the boy again. She asks all the engineering students she knew. But, it makes her disappointed to herself because she never asked what the last name of the boy was! So, she tried to fix her problem. It was so shameful that she was asking a person without a complete name! And after that, she feels like there is no more hope on the both of them. She tried to give up. But, every time she saw a boy with dimples, it still pinching her heart that she must not give up on that person.Because it was err first time to feel the beating of heart. She thinks that she fell in love on the first sight! Her friends didn't give up too. But they are looking for the boy too. They didn't tell it to Sandra just to surprise her. Then, her friends told her, â€Å"Sandra, there are still ways o n how you can see each other again. Don't give up easily! Don't be sad okay? We are here for you. † Then, it was Saturday. They are early dismissed by their NEST professor. While walking on the 4th floor on the Areola building, Lea shouted, â€Å"Sandbar! Christian was in that room! Go ahead and take a look!Sandra runs immediately to go to that room. She saw the boy. And she didn't expect it. After it, Sandra and Christian talk to each other. Christian tell her that she was so confused on how he will find Sandra on the social media. Then Sandra confidently said, â€Å"l was so sad on how I'm going to find you too. Because, I don't know what is your full name. † Christian whisper on her â€Å"You are so beautiful. I didn't expect that you will find and search for me. † It was the day that Sandra was waiting for. She didn't expect for the unexpected things. She never let to lose again the boy.So she opens her feelings on the boy. Then, the boy tells her that he fe el the same way that Sandra was feeling. Then, after a month, Christian do the moves. He started to fell in love with Sandra. They become friends, best friends, and now lovers. She thank her friends now, because, without them Sandra wouldn't feel what she's feeling right now. Sandra and Christian were married after 8 years of being together. They never expect it, but it was the best days of Sander's life. After their marriage, they have 2 children. And now they are still happy living together.

Canadian Provinces and Territories Translated to French

Canadian Provinces and Territories Translated to French Canada is officially a bilingual country, so each Canadian province and territory has both an English and a French name. Notice which are feminine and which are masculine. Knowing the gender will help you choose the correct definite article and geographical prepositions to use with each province and territory. In Canada, since 1897, names on official federal government maps have been authorized through a national committee, now known as the  Geographical Names Board of Canada  (GNBC). This includes both English and French names  since both languages are official in Canada. 10m of 33.5m Canadians Speak French According to the countrys  2011  Census of Population, in 2011, close to 10  million in a total national population of 33.5  million reported being able to conduct a conversation in French, compared with less than 9.6  million in 2006.  However, the proportion of those being able to speak French declined slightly to 30.1% in 2011, from 30.7% five years earlier. (The total Canadian population is estimated to have grown to  36.7  in 2017 since the 2011 Canadian census.) 7.3m of 33.5m Canadians Call French Their Mother Tongue Approximately 7.3  million Canadians reported French as their mother tongue  and 7.9  million spoke French at home at least on a regular basis. The number of Canadians  with French as their first official language spoken increased from 7.4  million in 2006 to 7.7  million in 2011. Canadas francophonie  is centered in Quebec, where  6,231,600, or 79.7 percent of Quebecers, consider  French their mother tongue. Many more speak French at home:  6,801,890, or 87 percent of the Quebec population. Outside Quebec, three-quarters of those reporting they speak French at home live in  New  Brunswick or Ontario, while the presence of French has grown in Alberta and British Columbia.​ The 10 Canadian Provinces   French English L'Alberta Alberta La Colombie-Britannique British Columbia Le Manitoba Manitoba Le Nouveau-Brunswick New Brunswick La Nouvelle-Écosse Nova Scotia L'Ontario Ontario Le Quà ©bec Quebec La Saskatchewan Saskatchewan La Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador Newfoundland and Labrador ÃŽle-du-Prince-Édouard Prince Edward Island The 3 Canadian Territories French English Le Nunavut Nunavut Les Territoires du Nord-Ouest Northwest Territories Le Yukon (Territoire) Yukon (Territory) ​

Ethical issues in US Immigration Policies essays

Ethical issues in US Immigration Policies essays The sun seems unrelenting as it beats down on the two families huddled together in a rickety makeshift boat. The rafters have been floating in the open sea for what seems to them like years. Their food and water supplies have run out and the littlest ones cry out of hunger. But the keep going. Because they know that once their feet touch the land of opportunity their prayers will be answered. Finally, their raft makes it to the ankle-deep waters and they are only a few short steps away from dry land and freedom. As quickly as the wave of relief and happiness rushes over the rafters, so does it disappear. The Coast Guard is there and telling them that they will be shipped back. So close to freedom. Other families know what its like to have freedom snatched away. After years of working six days a week for miniscule wages, sewing dresses or picking vegetables, they have had freedom and the opportunity of a better life taken away after being rounded up by Immigration Naturalization Services and deported back to Guatemala, Honduras, or Mexico. These are only two examples of the travesties that occur daily in the land of opportunity and freedom-the Unites States of America. The United States was built by immigrants, many seeking a new life in a new land. Before 1882, anyone could move to the United States. As the population grew, however, the Federal government decided to control immigration. But they have done this in a very inconsistent manner, letting some people in from one country more than others from another country. The current U.S. immigration policy is immoral, unethical and inconsistent in its dealings with immigrants. Early immigration laws aimed to preserve the racial, religious, and ethnic composition of the United States, which was then largely European (Wilbanks, 1993, p.1). The first immigration laws were aimed at nonwhites. In 1882, for example, the Chinese Exclusion Act suspended immigration from China for sixty yea...

MMC - SAT Scores, Costs and Admissions Data

MMC - SAT Scores, Costs and Admissions Data Marymount Manhattan College Admissions Overview: Marymount Manhattan College accepts over three-quarters of those who apply, making it accessible to the majority of applicants. Students can apply to the school through the schools application, or with the Common Application. In addition, students are required to send in test scores from the SAT or ACTthe majority of applicants submit SAT scores, but both are accepted equally. Additional materials include high school transcripts, letters of recommendation, and a personal statement. Admissions Data (2016): Marymount Manhattan College Acceptance Rate: 78%Test Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 480 / 600SAT Math: 450 / 570SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanACT Composite: 22Â  / 27ACT English: 21Â  / 30ACT Math: 18Â  / 25What these ACT numbers mean Marymount Manhattan College Description: Originally established in 1936 as a Catholic two-year womens college, Marymount Manhattan College is now a nonsectarian four-year liberal arts college. The college consists of two buildings on 71st Street in Manhattan, and the school is proud to declare the city itself as its campus. Students come from 48 states and 36 countries. MMC students can choose from 17 majors and 40 minors, and the college has particular strengths in communications and performing arts. Prospective students with strong grades and standardized test scores should look into the College Honors Program for an enriched learning environment. Academics at Marymount Manhattan College are supported by a 12 to 1Â  student / faculty ratio. Students have all the opportunities of New York City at their fingertips, but they can also participate in any of the colleges 39 student clubs and organizations. The college does not have any varsity athletic teams. Enrollment (2016): Total Enrollment: 2,069Â  (all undergraduate)Gender Breakdown: 23% Male / 77% Female89% Full-time Costs (2016Â  - 17): Tuition and Fees: $30,290Books: $1,000 (why so much?)Room and Board: $15,990Other Expenses: $7,500Total Cost: $54,780 Marymount Manhattan College Financial Aid (2015Â  - 16): Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 94%Percentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 93%Loans: 83%Average Amount of AidGrants: $13,810Loans: $7,778 Academic Programs: Most Popular Majors:Â  Art, Business, Communication Arts, Dance, English, Psychology, Sociology, Theatre Arts. Transfer, Graduation and Retention Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 73%Transfer Out Rate: 41%4-Year Graduation Rate: 36%6-Year Graduation Rate: 45% Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics If You Like MMC, You May Also Like These Schools: Baruch College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphHofstra University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphAdelphi University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphThe New School: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphManhattan College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphNew York University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSyracuse University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphJuilliard School: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBoston University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphLIU Brooklyn: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Marymount Manhattan College and the Common Application Marymount Manhattan uses the Common Application. These articles can help guide you: Common Application essay tips and samplesShort answer tips and samplesSupplemental essay tips and samples

The Middle Ground Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Middle Ground - Assignment Example One plans to propose a resolution to the conflict, even in theoretical means, as disputing parties, particularly China, signify a selfish approach by indicating suggested resolution from the international organization that is assigned to resolve territorial disputes using the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS). In this regard, one hopes that the reader would understand the arguments posed by each party and decide for themselves, other alternative courses of action that would assist in resolving the dispute. 2) What did you learn from completing this assignment? Did you experience a new understanding of the topic? Did you change your perspective after completing the research? One learned that there are some issues or controversies that are not simple and that would require some form of third party mediation to resolve. However, in this case, it is more complex since China explicitly indicated refusal to accept third party resolutions to the dilemma. As a result, one definitely experienced greater depth in understanding the topic and enabled one to gain increased appreciation for conflict negotiations or resolving issues using middle ground concepts. 3) What difficulties did you encounter during the research, writing, or editing phases of the assignment? The difficulties encountered during the process were trying to locate authoritative information on the topic being researched and to find a balanced discourse that would present both sides of the arguments. There were also some challenges in trying to fit the arguments into the specified word count and therefore observe quality in writing. Finally, there was extreme difficulty in proposing a middle ground solution because of China’s stance on the issue. 4) What did you enjoy about this assignment? The assignment proved to be very enlightening and informative in terms of the knowledge gained from the research. One learned to use skills in research, writing and editing to ensure that the f inal structure would comply with the needed requirements. Therefore, the assignment was an opportunity for both personal and professional growth. 5) What made you decide to write about this particular topic? Is this a topic that you are discussing in another course? Is this a topic that concerns you in particular? The topic was decided on due to its current nature and the controversial issues that emerged. Likewise, one could note that since this is a territorial dispute between China and the Philippines, one might conclude that other countries are not, in any way, affected by the issues. However, one believes that its immediate resolution would benefit, not only these countries, but others who trade and inter-relate with them in any way. 6) Is there anything else you would like for me to know before reading your essay? None anymore, except that this middle ground essay is an effective way of enhancing skills in both thinking (analytical) and writing and is therefore a rewarding end eavor. The Middle Ground Essay Introduction and Claim The topic to be discussed, evaluated and expounded on is the current maritime and territorial dispute over Scarborough Shoal by two countries: China and the Philippines. According to the website Disputed Territories, â€Å"the Philippines controls and runs this group, but China (People's Republic of China) lays claim to it, as part of its Paracels, Spratlys, and Zhongsha Islands Authority, and Taiwan (Republic of China) expresses sovereignty too, in the context of being the 'true ruler of China'† (Disputed Territories par. 1). As disclosed by BBC News Asia, â€Å"China's claim includes almost the entire South China Sea, well into what the UN Convention on the Law

Creating Your Dream Job Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Creating Your Dream Job - Essay Example According to Mike Myatt of N2Growith.com, â€Å"In order to meet increased consumer demand many businesses are attempting to expand their geographic footprint and extend their value chain to an international level.† (2013). Xcell is looking to expand into developing countries like India and China where workers endure harsh conditions and little personal safety. In the 21’st century, there is no room for cutting corners at the risk of human life. Just recently a collapsed building at a manufacturing plant in India claimed the lives of over 500 workers. Reports from Ethirajan, A of the BBC stated, â€Å"A total of eight people have been arrested, including factory owners and engineers, and they have been accused of negligence† and â€Å"Cracks had appeared in Rana Plaza, in the Savar district, the day before the collapse but the staff were reportedly told to continue work† (2013). This incident is sad reminder to many businesses regarding their workers and i s one of the main reasons Xcell LLC is working with host governments and business owners to avoid another similar event. According to the International Labor Organization (ILO) â€Å"An estimated 160 million people suffer from work-related diseases, and there are an estimated 270 million fatal and non-fatal work-related accidents per year† (2013). Many of the goods made in factories around the world fill the shelves of department stores here in the USA and those workers who provide them deserve to work in a safe environment. The incumbent must be able to negotiate and have a passion for safety and be willing to fully articulate the cost vs. benefit ratio to prospective clients and be comfortable speaking in front of large crowds. He or she must identify areas of concern and how they can be met by Xcell LLC security measures. Xcell LLC currently has several established relationships with businesses and government agencies in foreign countries and the incumbent must foster and develop these

My View of Adult Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

My View of Adult Learning - Essay Example For example, I was able to learn numerous, different factors that are the driving forces behind these individuals’ drive for education achievement. Additionally, I also learned about some of the many factors that can distract or affect negatively the process of adult learning. It was clear from these course materials that adult learning is based on andragogical model of learning. This model is build upon the assumptions that adults have a need to know and learn adults also have a need to be learners who are self- directed and a need to have a self- concept that reflects that they are responsible for the decisions that they make. Therefore, adult learning programs are special as they are designed in such ways that allow them o set goals by themselves and organize their learning around the responsibilities each has as an adult. More specifically, I can relate my journey in education to the course content material of unit one. I am an adult learner who just recently went back to school, and traditionally my daily routines and responsibilities would not have fit with my education program. This is because my education would have a conflict with my responsibilities such as taking care of my family, and eventually one of the two would be neglected. However, with such programs as online education, I am able to satisfy all of my responsibilities. ... Up to now, this unit has taught me that the many challenges that we face as adult learners are as a result of some of the factors associated with adults going back to school and taking up education once more. My Current View of Adult Education Much of the view and thoughts I have on adult education currently are derived from my course content of unit two. As I went through the assigned content for unit two, I was able to learn numerous things about adult education I did not know of, and I was surprised to find out that there are numerous theories on the processes through which adults learn. Before hand, I was only familiar with the theory on adult learning by Knowles called the Andragogy theory, and with my limited knowledge I had assumed that this was the only theory through which adult learners like myself and my colleagues learned through. To my surprise, I became familiar with other adult learning theories such as the theories by such individuals like Jarvis, McClusky, and Illeri s. All these theories were in one way or the other related to the processes and styles through which I was able to learn and also related to many of my learning style methods. However, I was able to realize that my learning style methods were more related to the McClusky model or theory more than the other theories. This particular theory argues that there is always a constant need for one to strike a balance between the energy they need and the energy that is available to them. I thought this theory was more related to me because I had many facets in my life that struggled for my attention such as my children, work, friends, church, and even my

Judaism and Hinduism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Judaism and Hinduism - Essay Example Religions exist around the world the world to guide the spirituality of people. They tend to explain the source of everything and life after death. They guide people with their morals and beliefs (Clack and Clack 2). Two of the religions are Judaism and Hinduism which are two of the oldest major religions in the world. The history has proven their credibility in providing the path toward enlightenment for the believers as they have millions of followers. Similarities and Differences Judaism began 4000 years ago as a Middle East religion and its people are known as Jewish. As centuries passed, many Jews or Jewish people had lived in various nations at present; they cover over 100 countries (Faelli 5). On the other hand, Hinduism is another religion that exists since 3,000 or more years in the past. The people of that religion are called Hindus who once lived along a river in India. The famous Indus River became Hindu to describe that group of people. The Hindus have varying beliefs but many similarities classify them under the religion they call Sanatan Dharma (Symmons 4). Both religions exist for a long time but they started from different places. The comparison of the two religions would be seen in the succeeding paragraphs.

Personal Finance Concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Personal Finance Concepts - Essay Example With respect to an individual's financial security, this implicates the need to intelligently plan one's investments and retirement plan, not only to secure a good life for the future, but also to ensure safety from unprecedented economic crisis and financial problems. As an individual seeking to secure a retirement plan, investing in a house, gold, and retirement insurance such as Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) will be top priorities. After careful consideration of the market, these three products present the most profitable and secure values, which are crucial factors that must be considered in making an investment. First, a person's home is perhaps his most important investment. Not only does it provide an important use at present, but, given proper maintenance, ownership of a house and lot can reap high returns. Depending on the location of a house and the possible development plans in that community for the future, home values can appreciate up to 100% in a span of ten years. Furthermore, it is also a valuable asset, which could be mortgaged in times when large sums of money are needed. In addition, given its high appreciation values, houses can also be very useful for retirement, which could be sold in order to pay for membership in a comfortable retirement house in the future, or rented to earn a sizeable monthly income despite retirement. A second investment of importance are pension plans such as IRAs and 401(k)s. These pension plans, which acts like savings accounts, allows individuals to save money form their salaries before taxes and deposit them into a fund, which through the years could grow into a sizeable sum. Its importance lies in the manner that it is saved. First, since they are automatically deducted from salaries before taxes, it makes sure that a regular amount of money will be saved every month, eliminating the chance for individuals to skip payments. Furthermore, it decreases one's gross salary, decreasing income tax, which gives individuals a higher disposable income if analyzed properly. Thus, it is an efficient investment for retirement. Lastly, another investment, which is of importance, is gold. Unlike other investments, gold provides the most stable, hence safe, investment for retirement even in times of economic crisis and financial instability. On the average, its value has been increasing throughout the years. Thus, it is no question why it has endured as a viable form for keeping wealth in centuries. Another reason why gold is an important form of investment for a retirement plan is its negative correlation with the US dollar (van Eeden, 2000). There has been numerous forecasts regarding the weakening of the dollar in the coming yeas, thus, gold provides individuals with a greater sense of security. Furthermore, owning gold allows one to diversify his domestic portfolio and diversify the risks present in his other investments. Thus, gold is an important investment for retirement because it allows individuals to diversify his portfolio, hence, shielding it from the risks that could be brought about by a deeply integrated world economy, ensuring that one's retirement plan is secure. A house, an untaxed investment, and gold are three important components of a retirement plan because they are relatively stable, diverse, and could still be used in the present during hard times in mortgages and loans giving them value

Employer's Liability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Employer's Liability - Essay Example Before analyzing the prosecution procedures against the companies it is desirable to know more about the criminal law under which these companies can be brought for justice regarding the injury and death. The criminal law is not only concerned with compensation between offender and victim but also with compensation orders and other reparative ideas conniving themselves as a regular adjunct of sentencing options. The criminal law is an ideological function, that it makes statements about the boundaries of tolerated behaviour. Arguments about deterrence may have fallen from favor as regards the punishment of individual offenders, but corporate bodies may be more susceptible to it. There is not a simple, linear relationship between the enforcement of criminal laws and perceptions of wrongful behaviour. Criminalization ,in its broadest sense is a complex and often fragmented process and any role which criminal laws have in relation to safety will reflect and reproduce, as well as create, attitudes to risk. (Wells,C)(3) A company is a legal person which can only act or form an intention through its directors or employees. Companies must have at least one director and a secretary and the company's Articles will authorize the directors or others to act on behalf of the company or to delegate those powers. A company is legally separate both from those individuals who are entrusted with acting on its behalf and also of course from all its employees who may carry out tasks in the course of their employment which can be regarded for some purposes as the tasks of the company. A company can commit offences ranging from the relatively trivial to the serious. It should be sufficient that there is evidence against the director or officer. Directors and officers can also be criminally liable as aid and abettors of the company's crimes or of the crimes of their fellow directors. The existing offense A company's liability may be established by a) Vicarious liability for the acts of a company's employees/agents. b) Non-vicarious liability by reason of the identification principle including offences requiring mens rea a) Vicarious Liability In Mousell Bros Ltd v London and North Western Ry Co [1917]2K.B. 836 (4)it was held that a corporate/company employer is vicariously liable for the acts of its employees and agents where a natural person would be similarly liable .Here it is to be remembered that it may require mens rea, yet impose vicarious responsibility. On the contrary, it may create strict liability without imposing vicarious liability

Judaism and Hinduism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Judaism and Hinduism - Essay Example Religions exist around the world the world to guide the spirituality of people. They tend to explain the source of everything and life after death. They guide people with their morals and beliefs (Clack and Clack 2). Two of the religions are Judaism and Hinduism which are two of the oldest major religions in the world. The history has proven their credibility in providing the path toward enlightenment for the believers as they have millions of followers. Similarities and Differences Judaism began 4000 years ago as a Middle East religion and its people are known as Jewish. As centuries passed, many Jews or Jewish people had lived in various nations at present; they cover over 100 countries (Faelli 5). On the other hand, Hinduism is another religion that exists since 3,000 or more years in the past. The people of that religion are called Hindus who once lived along a river in India. The famous Indus River became Hindu to describe that group of people. The Hindus have varying beliefs but many similarities classify them under the religion they call Sanatan Dharma (Symmons 4). Both religions exist for a long time but they started from different places. The comparison of the two religions would be seen in the succeeding paragraphs.

Employer's Liability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Employer's Liability - Essay Example Before analyzing the prosecution procedures against the companies it is desirable to know more about the criminal law under which these companies can be brought for justice regarding the injury and death. The criminal law is not only concerned with compensation between offender and victim but also with compensation orders and other reparative ideas conniving themselves as a regular adjunct of sentencing options. The criminal law is an ideological function, that it makes statements about the boundaries of tolerated behaviour. Arguments about deterrence may have fallen from favor as regards the punishment of individual offenders, but corporate bodies may be more susceptible to it. There is not a simple, linear relationship between the enforcement of criminal laws and perceptions of wrongful behaviour. Criminalization ,in its broadest sense is a complex and often fragmented process and any role which criminal laws have in relation to safety will reflect and reproduce, as well as create, attitudes to risk. (Wells,C)(3) A company is a legal person which can only act or form an intention through its directors or employees. Companies must have at least one director and a secretary and the company's Articles will authorize the directors or others to act on behalf of the company or to delegate those powers. A company is legally separate both from those individuals who are entrusted with acting on its behalf and also of course from all its employees who may carry out tasks in the course of their employment which can be regarded for some purposes as the tasks of the company. A company can commit offences ranging from the relatively trivial to the serious. It should be sufficient that there is evidence against the director or officer. Directors and officers can also be criminally liable as aid and abettors of the company's crimes or of the crimes of their fellow directors. The existing offense A company's liability may be established by a) Vicarious liability for the acts of a company's employees/agents. b) Non-vicarious liability by reason of the identification principle including offences requiring mens rea a) Vicarious Liability In Mousell Bros Ltd v London and North Western Ry Co [1917]2K.B. 836 (4)it was held that a corporate/company employer is vicariously liable for the acts of its employees and agents where a natural person would be similarly liable .Here it is to be remembered that it may require mens rea, yet impose vicarious responsibility. On the contrary, it may create strict liability without imposing vicarious liability

A Classification Of Residential Neighbourhoods Essay Example for Free

A Classification Of Residential Neighbourhoods Essay Without customers, any business will fail so before setting up any firm we must be sure that there is sufficient demand on the market to keep the firm running. There are many ways of finding out about potential customers. One of these is to look at how many people there are living in the area of Stockbridge. This is useful because it would be convenient for the residents of that area to often have a quick snack or meal from a fast food restaurant. By using the Census Report of 2003, I have found that approximately 6,954 people live in the area with the postcode beginning with EH4, which is the Stockbridge area. This number of residents gives a promising outlook on the number of local potential customers. Stockbridge is an area near to the main part of Edinburgh so many businessmen will work in the local area so would visit Stockbridge at lunch for a quick meal. I feel those people would be the main type of consumer which the product is aimed at. This is because many of those young professionals want a fast lunch so that they can get back to their busy work and they also will want something healthy because young professionals are known to eat and exercise well to keep in shape. One lunchtime on a working day, I went out to Stockbridge and inspected the number of young people wearing a suit. The results were as expected as a lot of the people I saw were dressed in this way so we can assume they are young professionals. The main target market will, therefore, be young professionals. The ACORN (A Classification Of Residential Neighbourhoods) group performs vast amounts of research into different aspects of area, some of these include attitudes, housing, socio-economic profiles and media aspects. One of the pieces of data stated that the number of microwave purchases was low, this could mean either two things: people eat out often or people do not use the microwave to prepare meals. It also states that eating out is extremely popular in Stockbridge, particularly in the evenings, and all cuisines are popular except English. These two pieces of data are very useful because they show that many people do not eat at home but go out to restaurants. A Subway branch has potential to be one of these restaurants that people go out to eat at. The number of households in the area with two or more cars is rated high by the ACORN profile. This could mean that incomes may be fairly high and couples live together. If there are two cars then each one will probably be for each person in the couple, so at least one person in the relationship will work because they need two cars because they will be doing two different things at the same time. This will mean that there is at least one professional in each household and they will most likely be a young professional because 47. 6% of people in Stockbridge are 20-49 years of age. The socio-economic profile for the area is the population is well educated and there are nearly three times the amounts of professionals in Stockbridge than the national average. Young professionals are the target market for the Subway restaurant so this information is very promising in constructing a customer base. Attitudes are very important in every day life. They can determine what we buy, where we go and what we do. ACORN tells that there is a 60% greater chance of someone being a vegetarian in Stockbridge than the national average. This may be the cause for the low meat consumption in the area. The most popular grocery products are ground coffee, dog food, mineral water, fresh fish and fresh fruit. Subway provides its customers with a range of fresh products and almost all sandwiches bought have salad and other vegetables in them. It seems that people in Stockbridge enjoy fresh foods and do not eat much meat. Because of the customisability of the sandwiches, the customers can choose what they would like on their sandwich so if they do not want meat, it will not be added to their sandwich. Unfortunately, winter holidays are 73% more popular and long holidays are 2. 7 times more popular than the national average so sales may be expected to decrease in the winter and on holiday occasions. Many of the young professionals will not travel though because they will be hard working and want to spend lots of time on their job so may not want to travel far away, such as abroad. Stockbridge is a very affluent area with 3. 5 times more people earning i 40,000 per annum than the national average. This will mean there is more professionals in the area than in other places. Professionals take their jobs very seriously and do not have long lunch breaks so fast service is very important along with the healthy lifestyle the majority of people now lead. Leisure activities are very popular in the area as people are very active. According to ACORN, they do lots of sports so probably live by the attitude of a healthy body is a healthy mind. One part of having a healthy body is the food they eat, eating at Francos (an unhealthy restaurant in Stockbridge) would not be a common option for healthy eaters, instead they would probably prefer a healthy sandwich. The results of my survey indicated that most people questioned in my random sample were between the ages of 20 to 39 as shown in the below distribution graph. These ages are also the type of age which most commonly care about their general health, so it is very promising when these are the sorts of people the target market for the sandwich restaurant would be. Most of the people in the survey turned out to live in the area. Each person who answered that they would visit the restaurant if one were to open in Stockbridge and also said they lived in the area may become regular customers due to the ease of being able to reach the restaurant and they also expressed an interest in visiting the store. Repeat customers are vital to the success of a business and make up most of the total number of sales a business will receive. This market seems to have vast amounts of young professionals in it which are the main target market. The healthy choice Subway provides would well suit the healthy attitude that most of the people of Stockbridge seem to live on so therefore there is a fairly high demand for healthy fast-food but there is no supply. A niche has been found in the market.

Consumers Decision: Imitate Foreign Brands

Consumers Decision: Imitate Foreign Brands 1.1 Introduction Nowadays, many businesses have launched in the market. But its not easy to make appreciate for every people. Maybe, that is a reason of the customer decision. While, the student is part of purchasing power that the trader directed. Consumer behaviour is the study of how individuals make decision to spend their available resources on consumption-related item(SchiffmanKanuk, 1997). In University the product is important for the student. While, the product not cover all student because maybe the teenager choose the product follow the life style that their love. So, the product have more effected to decision purchasing with the student in teen ages. Specially, the foreign brand is trust brand that have support purchasing power by the customer. In Global setting, every product have evaluated and developed all time for customer need that is heart of competition in a commercial sale. The most people have selected the product follow several factor. So, the companies will be improving your products. Otherwise, the customers that have purchasing power can be change to other royalty brand. The better they understand the factors underlying consumer behaviour (Assael, 1998). The better able they are developing effective marketing strategies to meet consumer needs. In National setting, the several factor to make a purchase. Its reason to consider for trader to select product that sales and support. The several factor have effect to making a purchase (Scheinberg, 1992) such as marketing strategies, sex, ages, occupation, prices and also the product name have a reputation values. The last factor is important to study that why the brand name have effected to customer decision. Locally, the product names have a reputation values is the trust brand. The product that sale for student in business bachelor administration for Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi will be in trends to response their customer in this age. This study concern with the behaviour in making a purchase that Brand is what consumers purchase and product is what consumers use; this shows that branding is very important. The brand name is the trust brands that have effected to make a purchase. Present, student cant said that dont love their brand name and specially, the foreign brand is part factor to making a purchase. Even though, the trust brand has copyright infringement but the student will buy for owner that products. May be, the lower prices and closer style of real band are instead in using. Follow the plaza, student would like to view every week and someone choose to owner. While, the real trust band name from foreign in the Leading department stores have student only high purchasing power that only few percentage. All of behaviour from student in business bachelor administration for Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi is thing to study for know the reason why their choosing. Consumers make many buying decisions every day (Kotler Armstrong, 2001). Most large companys research consumer buying decisions in great detail to answer question about what consumers buy where they but, how and how much they buy, when they buy, and why they buy. 1.2 Statement of the Problem Foreign brands are expensive for students. Quality of product imitates. The current materialism of society makes students feel like they have to buy foreign brand products or imitations of them. The personality of the customers. 1.3 Research Objective The objective of the study is to meet the answers of the problem; Foreign brands are expensive for students. Quality of product imitates. The current materialism of society makes students feel like they have to buy foreign brand products or imitations of them. The personality of the customers. The answer to the problem is as follow: To find out how the price of foreign brand products and imitations of them influence decision making. To find out how the quality of foreign brand products and imitations of them influence decision making. To find out how the social value of foreign brand products and imitations of them influence decision making. To find out the supplement personality of foreign brand products and imitations of them influence decision making. . 1.4 Scope of research The scope of this research is the population studying at Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi. This includes males and females aged 18-25 years old of 11 different faculties totalling approximately 24,053 people. (http://www.oreg.rmutt.ac.th/SKOStdCourse/2552/report%203-2.asp) The sample in this study was students from the faculty of Business Administration, University of Technology Rajamangala Thanyaburi. This faculty has seven branches including both men and women aged 19-25 years who make a purchases by themselves; a total of 6,299 people. The variables studied: Independent variables are students gender, age, department of study and the year of study. Dependent variable is the attitude toward buying foreign brand products (price, quality, brand names and value.) 1.5 Limitations of the Research We acquired this information by sending questionnaires to students at Rajamangala University of Technology Thunyaburi; this includes both men and women. One of the limitations of this study is, if a sample of students does not send the questionnaire back to the researcher, or if they send it back incomplete. Another limitation is the amount of time we have is to send the survey to the students, receive the information and calculate the received information. 1.6 Significance of the study This research is a study of factors that influence behaviour of students (of business administration at Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi) when buying product imitated foreign brands. The findings of this study will help those interested in doing business foreign or interested in operating foreign brands companies by determining marketing strategies to suit the needs of target customers. 1.7 Definition of Terms Foreign brands are expensive for students. The students will receive the money from their parent. So, they dont have money to buy foreign brands product. Quality of product imitates. Continually, imitates products quality have very good quality compare to foreign brand products, so there is a choice for students who has limited their money and want to use same brand but good quality. The current materialism of society makes students feel like they have to buy foreign brand products or imitations of them. Following the student social in university, the students want to be in trend of fashion for concept from their friends. The personality of the customers. Some students, they dont have confident in themselves. So, the students will use the product from foreign brands to help them have more confident. CHAPTER II Review of related literature and studies 2.1 Definition and Features of the Independent Variable In this chapter, discusses the title of research. Because this research is relevant to consumers: students of business administration at Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi. So, need to know the meaning of consumer behaviour on buying for study factors affecting the decision of the students. Consumer behaviour is the study of how individuals make decision to spend their available resources on consumption-related item. It includes the study of what they buy, why they buy it, when they buy it, where they buy it, how often they buy it, and how often they use it (Schiffman Kanuk, 1997). The aim of marketing is to meet and satisfy target customers needs and want. The field of consumer behaviour studies how consumer select, buy, use, and dispose of products, services, ideas, or experiences to satisfy needs and desires (Kotler, 2003). Marketers have come to realize that their effectiveness in meeting consumer needs directly influences their profitability. The better they understand the factors underlying consumer behaviour. The better able they are developing effective marketing strategies to meet consumer needs (Assael, 1998). Consumers make many buying decisions every day. Most large companys research consumer buying decisions in great detail to answer question about what consumers buy where they but, how and how much they buy, when they buy, and why they buy (KotlerArmstrong, 2001). Possibly the most challenging concept in marketing deals with understanding why buyers do what they do. But such knowledge is critical for marketers since having a strong understanding of buyer behaviour will on what is important to the consumer and also suggest the important influences on consumer decision-making. Using this information, marketers can create marketing programs that they believe will be of interest to consumers (Kanhasiri, 2006) In addition to this, also need to know meaning of the word imitate foreign brands. Imitate foreign brands means the product copy as products of a foreign brand. Popular products make copy are bags, watches, clothes, and shoes. The imitate foreign brands products that we know and see often in everywhere are Chanel, Louis Vuitton, Nike, Christian Dior, Gucci and etc (Kanhasiri, 2006 ). 2.2 Theories Related to the Independent Variable (s) 2.2.1 Foreign brands are expensive for students. Prices, product differentiation and quality measurement: a comparison between hedonic and matched model methods studied by Gian Maria Tomat (2005); related contributions to Pakes, Berry and Levinsohn (1993) and Nevo (2003) consider the problem of making exact welfare comparisons on the basis of the estimated parameters of consumer preferences in a discrete choice model. This approach has been used in these works to study problems such as the effect on consumer welfare of changes in environmental regulation or of the introduction of a new brand of a product. Specifying the consumers choice problem in the space of product characteristics, simplifies the analysis in comparison with analogous problems studied on the grounds of traditional demand theory, as is done for example in works by Hausman. However, the results of the prices, product differentiation and quality measurement: a comparison between hedonic and matched model methods studies show that the approach can at most generate up per and lower bounds to the true price indexes and the empirical evidence shows that these bounds are usually quite wide. 2.2.2 Quality of product imitates. From Quantity-Discount Dependent Consumer Preferences and Competitive Non-linear Pricing studied by Z. Jane Gu and Sha Yang (2009); they investigated the quantity-discount effect, a type of transaction utility consumers derived from the unit price difference between a small and a large package size of the same product in a non-linear pricing environment. Consumers may perceive quantity discounts as gains for purchasing larger package sizes with lower unit prices, or as losses for purchasing smaller package sizes with higher unit prices. In addition, consumers may differ in their tendencies to perceive quantity discounts as gains or losses. 2.2.3 The current materialism of society makes students feel like they have to buy foreign brand products or imitations of them. Post-Materialism as a Cultural Factor Influencing Entrepreneurial Activity across Nations studied by Lorraine M. Uhlaner, Roy Thurik and Jan Hutjes(2002); the underlying premise of this research study is that the material gains that are central or crucial to entrepreneurial activity are of less value to post-materialist individuals. The Research by McGrath, MacMillan and Scheinberg (1992) shows that individual entrepreneurs from a wide variety of countries are more likely to have materialistic values; such as viewing success as making lots of money, than their non-entrepreneur counterparts. However, they do not test for country differences. Blais and Toulouse (1998) made such comparisons and conclude that entrepreneurs across countries tend to have similar motivations. In another studied of individual entrepreneurs Robichaud, McGraw and Roger (2001) find a positive correlation between extrinsic motivation of the entrepreneur and sales performance whereas they find negative relationsh ips between the independent variables, intrinsic motivation and autonomy and independence on the one hand and the dependent variable, sales performance, on the other. These findings are interesting because at the micro-level they correspond to the thesis that entrepreneurs, especially successful ones, are more materialistic than their counterparts. Lacking comparable research at the macro level of analysis, we can only draw on these studies for our hypotheses. In particular, assuming that trends from the micro level can be aggregated to the societal level, we predict that the relationship between post-materialism and entrepreneurship is also negative, i.e., the less materialistic the culture, the fewer people choose to become self-employed. The central hypothesis of the present paper then reads: The more post-materialistic the culture, the lower the overall level of entrepreneurship. 2.2.4 The personality of the customers. Consumer Assessment of Social Product Features: An Empirical Investigation Using Choice Experiments by Pat Auger, Timothy M. Devinney and Jordan J. Louviere studied the growing importance of this topic can be seen in the current movement toward social accountability audits (Economist 1999), and the increasing amounts of money that corporations spend to fix systems under pressure from increasingly sophisticated interest groups. Their research is relevant to this issue because it shows that although consumers do not understand the ethical dimensions of the products they purchase, their purchases can be influenced by these dimensions if properly presented. From a managerial perspective, more work needs to be done on educating consumers to the hidden ethical nature of the products they purchase. Corporations also need to understand which customers care about ethical dimensions and what dimensions they care about. However, our results also suggest that consumers wont sacrifice product per formance for ethical considerations in spite of what activists might hope. 2.3 Critical Analysis/Discussion of the Theories Related to the Independent Variable Motivation Theory 2.3.1 Maslows Hierarchy of Needs; (Abraham Maslow,1908-1970) Abraham Maslow was a psychologist. He developed a theory called the Hierarchy of Needs. This hierarchy referred to the various needs that he believed characterised humans. He identified five main human needs. These are: Physiological needs These include the most basic needs that are vital to survival, such as the need water, air, food and sleep. Maslow believed that these needs are the most basic and instinctive needs in the hierarchy because all needs become secondary until these physiological needs are met. Security Needs These include needs for safety and security. Security needs are important for survival, but they are not as demanding as the physiological needs. Examples of security needs include a desire for steady employment, health insurance, safe neighborhoods and shelter from the environment. Social Needs These include needs for belonging, love and affection. Maslow considered these needs to be less basic than physiological and security needs. Relationships such as friendships, romantic attachments and families help fulfill this need for companionship and acceptance, as involvement in social, community or religious groups. Esteem Needs After the first three needs have been satisfied, esteem needs becomes increasingly important. These include the need for things that reflect on self-esteem, personal worth, social recognition and accomplishment. Self-actualizing Needs This is the highest level of Maslows hierarchy of needs. Self-actualizing people are self-aware, concerned with personal growth, less concerned with the opinions of others and interested fulfilling their potential. Figure 1 Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Maslow suggested that the first need dominates a persons behavior until it is satisfied, and then the second, and so on. A learner would not be interested in learning, need 5, until needs 3 or 4; belonging and being esteemed by others had been satisfied. Nor indeed, would they be interested in learning until they were warm, and replete. A light, airy, warm, comfortable safe learning environment, adequate comfort breaks and realistic timings can help to facilitate these conditions. An awareness of, and proactive approach to, group dynamics will also help to satisfy (or at least not de-satisfy) some of the affiliation and esteem needs. (Abraham Maslow, 1908-1970) (Source:http://www.envisionsoftware.com/articles/Maslows_Needs_Hierarchy.html) 2.3.2 Clayton Alderfers ERG Theory; (Clayton Alderfer, 1969) An attempt to simplify Maslows needs theory was put forward by psychologist Clayton Alderfer with his ERG theory. Both theories see needs as the motivating force behind behaviour. People are motivated to do things by different needs, of which Alderfer identified three: Existence Needs Include all material and physiological desires (e.g., food, water, air, clothing, safety, physical love and affection) Maslows first two levels. Relatedness Needs Encompass social and external esteem; relationships with significant others like family, friends, co-workers and employers. This also means to be recognized and feel secure as part of a group or family. Maslows third and fourth levels. Growth Needs Internal esteem and self actualization; these impel a person to make creative or productive effects on himself and the environment (e.g., to progress toward ones ideal self). Maslows fourth and fifth levels. This includes desires to be creative and productive, and to complete meaningful tasks. Figure 2 Clayton Alderfers ERG Theory Alderfer argued that it was possible to move in either direction. This means that, if growth needs become difficult or impossible to meet, frustration regression occurs, causing individuals to concentrate on fulfilling their relatedness and their existence needs. Unsatisfied needs, therefore, become less rather than more important. Maslow proposed the opposite. In this study the researchers used two theories are Maslows Theory (Maslows hierarchy of needs) and Clayton Alderfers ERG Theory are main formulated in this study (Clayton Alderfer, 1969). (Source: http://www.envisionsoftware.com/articles/ERG_Theory.html) 2.4 Discussion of the Dependent Variable The price of products have effected to making decision. In addition, Arthur Rafael (2002) found When the new product launches and better quality also this product will be compared to increase price. While, Aart Jaume (2000) said that When the products have high demand so the products prices that will be increase on demand also Ray (2002) found Business will find the ways to avoid the problem to improve the popular product and harder to imitate for decrease their risk as a result Amine, Taimur Joseph (2007) supported Vendors will be developing price products to get the popularity may be the consumers using pirated goods in fact Gian (2006) said that The price is appropriate adjustments so the product will be popular Increasing then Xavier Giround (2008) found The quality prices will be changed follow the quality products in the past Laszlo Miklos (2004) stated The import product price will be rise follow depend on the technology and competitive environment of the buyer. On the other hand, Joanna (2006) found The analysis of price convergence to the consumer market is examined on aggregate and disaggregates levels although Peter, Judith Anil (2002) stated The decision purchas e of consumer will depend on price by the lower price also the purchasing power that so rise. Finally, Emek (2005) supported The quantity the price of a low-cost have more effected to consumer decision. The quality of product imitates have effected to making decision when, Wong Zhou (2005) found perceived value has a greater effect on purchase intention for conspicuous foreign products While, Heflin, Shaw Wild found The liquidity of equity markets depends on quality information and Faruq (2006) found RD activities and FDI inflows are important determinants of quality then Sharma found The brand must be relevant to a latent need of the consumer but Jin Leslie (2002) found Providing people with better information causes people to change their purchase decisions and causes  ¬Ã‚ rms to modify their behaviour while Orosel Zauner (2003) found goods quality is unobservable to buyers, a continuum of quality levels is technologically feasible, and minimum quality is supplied under competitive conditions although Koppius Heck(2002) found Electronic auctions have rapidly increase d in popularity, but the consequences of switching to an electronic auction are unclear Moreover Borin Lamieri (2008) found empirical studies over clear evidence on the increasing importance of intra-industry trade in presence of vertically deferential products however Matsa (2009) found Product quality is an important element of competition in a wide range of markets, including the supermarket industry in addition Bertini, Wathieu Iyengar (2010) found parsimony and simplicity in consumption is necessarily advantageous across all categories of business The current materialism of society makes students feel like they have to buy foreign brand products or imitations of them have effected to making decision then, Mehrotra (1919) found collect various technical information about managing your tax affairs and mergers and acquisitions, tax law and the special rights or intellectual property rights and the idea of the American company. Each other based on principles of law and political economy of the country. while Closius (1995) said that the termination of the movement of certain groups of people in America with a change to the political policy of national unification and the creation of justice to occur and create social awareness to the public more than ever Moreover Kyvelidis (2001) stated that Measure currents in the Black Socialist materialism may be obtained from the GDP of each country, which evaluates the value per head was increased from the current popularity with the increasing materialism. After that Anderson (2001) has found that satisfaction in materialism is one of the psychological problems that make people in society are trying to do everything to get it occupied, such as car, house and fashion. And Boven (2005) study that most people want to live well and happily in every person and found that materialism, such as the car home fashion is important to create happiness for them very good. However, Uhlaner, Thurik, Hutjes (2002) supports that found that entrepreneurs across countries tend to find a way to trade against the competition in trade and create stability for themselves as to dominate the growing market and found that many of the cultural factors and materialism of the people affected. In addition Fuchs said that the theories of cultural objects are important factors correlated with the values of people in society. Therefore Sarkar(1996) found the role of men is to purchase goods and Research indicates that attitudes in the possession of materialism rather than value of the object with the purchase of such products used in life Which led to satisfaction and success of many people. As a result of Kroh (2008) discovered that the role of the purchases is likely to change the price level and economic security but Boven, Campbell Gilovich(2005) the study found that current flow in the materialism in society more selfish, selfish private interests over public. The personality of the customers have effected to making decision when, Devinney Louviere (1986) study that of interpersonal psychology, ethics and personality have been shown correlated with the number of complex social problems. While Rajagopol (1986) found that of the model to measure the performance of brands and attitudes, including personalities, image, reputation and trust. But Balaji a Raghavan (1970) discovered that Cultures and different image for the product of themes related to technology and brand reputation. Therefore Pandey (1968) found that Experiment designed to examine the role and relevance of the personality of the person. Found that the advertisement or communication program plays an important role in the perception of brand personality although Bartholomew Horowitz (1994) study that Changes in market and competition has reduced the cost of marketing and new product introductions, including the risk of failure of the product. Thus Sharma (1997) supports that w e also found that consumer ratings of management performance in the context of consumer retail low but Zhenzhong Ma (1970) found that Aims to create understanding about the local brand can survive. In fact Mckenzie Woodruff (1964) study that present the basic concepts for exploring the relationship between personality and patterns of conflict behavior and business negotiations. Then Koufopoulos (1999) stated that Product innovation. Personality and affect a very important opportunity to entrepreneurs to innovate. Finally, Kanhasiri (1990) found that Products and measure the relationship between the feature comparison in the future. Quantitative methods of analysis and means of collecting data, frequency analysis of research and planning data in line charts and bar graphs and suggestions for future research will take effect to competitors with better customer loyalty. 2.5 Relationship of the Independent Variable (s) to the Dependent Variable Arthur Rafael (2002) found When the new product launches and better quality also this product will be compared to increase price. Although many business office products are brand name copyright infringement very seriously and prohibit all research and product development at the time out to study consumer satisfaction, with the updates of new products out of the market demand. But still have other business products illegally copied out widely. Consumers like the products that they are cheaper and look like the real. While, Aart Jaume (2000) said that When the products have high demand so the products prices that will be increase on demand Cheap is increasing on demand. Many consumers decided to buy imitation products backpack instead of the genuine product is expensive. Also Ray (2002) found Business will find the ways to avoid the problem to improve the popular product and harder to imitate for decrease their risk The quality of product imitates have effected to making decision when, Wong Zhou (2005) found perceived value has a greater effect on purchase intention for conspicuous foreign products and Faruq (2006) found RD activities and FDI inflows are important determinants of quality The Company that manufacture high quality products to the market are disclosed information to consumers less known because those are important to the company and the liquidity of the market. The company has disclosed only basic information only. Countries are exporters of quality differences. This is the result of differences in factors such as endowment, technology, research and development (RD). While, Heflin, Shaw Wild found The liquidity of equity markets depends on quality information The current materialism of society makes students feel like they have to buy foreign brand products or imitations of them have effected to making decision then, Anderson (2001) has found that satisfaction in materialism is one of the psychological problems that make people in society are trying to do everything to get it occupied, such as car, house and fashion. And Boven (2005) study that most people want to live well and happily in every person and found that materialism, such as the car home fashion is important to create happiness for them very good. The materialism is satisfied from the hearts of individual values resulting psychological advantage over the other now, value of the crop cover materialism has resulted in increasing attitude of buying commercial end epicurean and often not satisfied with the simple life and different people require a comfortable life. Although materialism has a negative effect, but many people will want to own it like a big house, luxury cars, expen sive clothes , beautiful furniture and other. Because human needs are infinite, they seek what they want to come and have a genuine product if the price is too high, making them purchases commercial grade copy. Although it is copied, it can substitute the same name that looks realistic and cheaper it is one reason consumers purchase decision without regard to copyright infringement laws. The personality of the customers have effected to making decision when Devinney Louviere (1986) study that of interpersonal psychology, ethics and personality have been shown correlated with the number of complex social problems. While Rajagopol(1986) found that of the model to measure the performance of brands and attitudes, including personalities, image, reputation and trust. But Balaji a Raghavan (1970) discovered that Cultures and different image for the product of themes related to technology and brand reputation. Therefore Pandey (1968) found that Experiment designed to examine the role and relevance of the personality of the person. Found that the advertisement or communication program plays an important role in the perception of brand personality The cultural and social including kick similar picture with Bush. This is sometimes the product to the personality of our products or we like it because it is often too expensive brand, so many people chose to be turned to imitate instead of the actual product. 2.6 Previous Studies There are 4 standards section; Introduction background The brand name is the trust brand that have effected to making a purchase from student at RMUTT. Now, the student say love brand name. According to Schiffman Kanuk (1997) Consumer behaviour is the study of how individuals make decision to spend and choose this things. When, notice the students that show their use accessories brand name. This is normal happen now but its not fair in their suppliers that think and make it for sale. While, the real trust band name from overseas in the Leading department stores have student only high purchasing power that only few percentage. Behaviour from student in business bachelor administration for Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi is thing to study for know the reason why their choosing. Methods The methods to study behavior of student at RMUTT such as notice, questionnaires, and bring the theory that related to concerning study with case study. Result Now days, Counterfeiting is so much. In a view of supplier, the so called product piracy can be only roughly outlined. The Experts and everyone, who well know that product piracy: trade mark rights in